Yellow Sand

Yellow Sand or Yellow Dust is also known as HwangSa in Korean

Q. What is Yellow Sand/Dust?
Known more commonly as yellow dust by most of the foreign community, it is basically inhalable particles that originate from the dry desert regions of China and Mongolia. There has been yellow dust coming from these regions to Korea for many generations. However, due to the deforestation that has occurred in Mongolia and China, along with the increased industrialization and resulting pollution in China, the yellow dust storms have been occurring with increasing frequency and with greater and greater negative effects.

Q. What does the yellow dust do?
In sufficient concentration, the fine particles can obscure visibility, irritate soft tissues in the eyes, nose, mouth and throat. Because of the high concentration of minerals and other pollutants, it can cause or exacerbate respiratory and cardiovascular problems. Pinkeye is a common side effect in both adults and children. The dust can also damage sensitive equipment, such as computers, etc.

Q. When do yellow dust storms occur?
Although they have general occurred in the Spring (March, April, May), winter yellow sand events have also been reported in Winter in recent years. There were reports of yellow dust in February 20007 and by mid March 2009 there had already been three dust storms.

Q. What should people do?
During a Yellow Sand/Dust Storm, you should
- Avoid outdoor activities, this applies especially to the elderly, young children and persons with heart disease, diabetes and lung diseases or respiratory problems, such as asthma.
- Keep windows and doors closed.
- Remove contact lenses and wear your glasses instead, the dust can scratch your lenses and damage your eyes.
- Brush your teeth and wash your hands, face and eyes with warm water when returning indoors.
- Drink plenty of water to keep your tears flowing well.
- Use air filters to keep air clear and a humidifier to increase the humidity level inside your home/office.
- Wash fruits and vegetables that may have been exposed to yellow dust before eating them.
- Wash your hands carefully before handling food.
- Avoid burning candles or smoking indoors
- After the yellow dust/sand storm has cleared, air out the house and wash any exposed object before using it, including your car.
- Even after the storm passes, be careful since the dust has settled and can easily be stirred by movement, wind, etc.

Q. What are some of the things we can buy to combat the effects of yellow dust?
- Masks (ordinary ones work somewhat, but there are some that cover the entire face and even the neck as well as some with 'special dust filters' that are much more effective). 
- baby carriage covers
- nose-washes to prevent colds
- hwangto (yellow earth) paste packs for skin care
- strips to seal up windows and doors

Q. How can I find out what the level of yellow dust is today?
To find out the current levels of yellow sand, look to the right of your screen for the Yellow Sand box  (located right under the weather in Seoul box) or click here (US Military graph). K4E Note April 2009: The US military site provides a graph but can no longer give the colour codes.  Colour codes are availabale on the Korea4Expats.com home page. 

Some cell phone providers send a text message when a yellow dust storm is coming. To see if your provider has this service and if yes, to sign up for it, dial 114 on your cell phone. You may need a Korean speaker's help to do this. Note also that the SMS warning message will be in Korean.


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